The Charlie Barber Treatment - :: essays research papers

A Character Study of Charlotte Barber The novel 'The Charlie Barber Treatment'; is written by Carole Lloyd. It is about a boy called Simon whose mother dies unexpectedly. He is very upset and unable to get over his mum. When he meets Charlie Barber she really cheers him up. Charlie has a big effect on Simon. Charlie is a sixteen-year-old girl who is staying with her Gran for the week.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We first meet Charlotte when Simon bumps into her outside the local newsagents in his small town. Charlie asks Simon directions to somewhere she can walk her Gran's dog. Simon tells her directions to the downs but Charlie deliberately gets confused and gets Simon to go with her.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Right from the first time we meet Charlie we see she knows what she wants. 'She chuckled and the smile went all the to her eyes which stared quite directly and honestly into his.'; This implies she is very pleased when Simon offers to show her the way to the downs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We see she is complete control of hers and Simon's relationship, right from the beginning. ' 'I'm not going up there alone.'; Simon has a sudden sense of being out played.'; Here Simon knows that she has no intention of letting him go.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think Charlie is a very independent girl. 'Who cares what other people think?'; She also shows she is independent by being in the village without her dad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We know that Charlie is quite caring from when she won't give Simon any sugar for his tea. She playfully argues with him. 'It's bad for you.';   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie is a very clever girl. She has eleven O-levels and is going to university. Simon is clever as well so they are quite well matched.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie and Simon first know for sure that they like each other when Charlie is at Simon's house. 'I needed to see you.'; Later on Simon walks Charlie home and they hug and kiss.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Charlie knows she is forward and sometimes a bit pushy but not in a nasty way. 'Gran thinks I'm very forward and you're probably just too polite to tell me.

Lsd :: essays research papers

LSD The use of drugs among Americans is rapidly rising. They can be bought and sold almost anywhere, from the streets to hallways of schools. A drug on the rapid rise from the 70's is LSD. Some people attribute this to the fact it is extremely inexpensive, $2-4 a hit, the wrong belief by users that it is a safer drug than marijuana because it isn't physically addicting. However, LSD is a hallucinogenic drug that is very dangerous, despite popular belief. LSD stands for Lysergic Acid Diethylamide. Lysergic acid is extracted from the fungus Ergot, and then left to crystallize until it is pure. It was first accidentally discovered by Albert Hoffman in 1938 in Switzerland, who was searching for possible therapeutic uses of Ergot. Hoffman continued his experiments, but never came in contact with the crystals until1943. (LSD can be absorbed through the skin.) Hoffman then sent LSD around the world to be tested and investigated to find medical uses. Lysergic acid deviates were found to relieve migraines and control postpartum hemorrhage because it causes veins to contract, but also caused gangrene of the limbs, and so further experimentation with the drug was abandoned. In the late 50's, however, LSD was used by the CIA as an interrogation drug for spies. However, it was proven to be unreliable and was later replaced with other interrogation drugs. LSD comes in the forms of crystals, liquids, tablets, gelatins, or blotting squares. The squares have designs on them such a flowers, dragons, shapes, animals, and cartoon characters to make them more attractive to young children. Often called acid, white lightning, stamps, microdot, and grateful dead, LSD is usually taken orally. There are 4 levels of experience an LSD user will go through. The first takes place within 45 minutes of ingestion. The user begins to feel enhanced senses. Colors are brighter, sounds are more distinct, and a user may feel dizzy. The second level is the plateau. Between hours one and three, the user will "see" sounds and "hear" objects. This experience of a mingling of the senses is called synethesva. Patterns within material such as sweaters and blankets appear. A user may see figures within smoke from incense, or spend extended periods of time examining lines on the palm of their hand. Clock time becomes distorted and slows almost to a stand still, whole minutes seem to pass like hours. Slight hallucinations may appear. The third stage from hours 4-7 is the climax. Colors are greatly magnified, while once familiar shapes distorted beyond recognition. The hallucinations become intense, and total unreal objects may appear.

Satire of Modest Proposal

Satire at its Finest A masterful satire, this is what Jonathon Swift’s â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is. The writing is used to construct a misunderstood proposal that comments on the social hardship of Ireland while blaming the government’s incompetence as well as the morals of the country. His proposal makes it visible to others that there is a need for social reform. From the beginning, it is not clear to the readers of what Swift’s true proposal actually is, but as it is being broken apart, one can see that the entire writing is full of sarcasm.The proposal itself speaks to the people who ignore the issues but who are also the ones that can fix them. As a proposed solution, that author states in the intro that â€Å"for preventing the children of poor people in Ireland from being a burden to their parents or country, for making them beneficial to the public† (Swift 239). Swift is bringing upon an attempt to find a cheap and easy method for bringing c hildren of the poor into the commonwealth as well as turning the problem that is amuck, into its own solution.He uses analogies for the way people, a nation, can be devoured and how the nation is consuming itself and its own resources. â€Å"I grant this food will be somewhat dear, and therefore very proper for landlords who, as they have already devoured most of their parents, seem to have the best title to the children†(Swift 240). Swift has effective and ineffective ways of using different literary techniques that will intrigue one or leave them completely baffled with his proposal. At first glance of this writing, a reader can be nothing but appalled, though it causes one to think about realistic solutions and to take action.Swift’s proposal is effective by which he delivers his argument so efficiently and with such detail and use of sarcastic comparisons, exaggerations, and emotional appeals. His main solution to this problem is the practice of selling and eating children. â€Å"A young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome for, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee or ragout†(Swift 240). He uses statistical support and specific data about pricing, rates, and population numbers, to make his argument more agreeable and supportive.To make his proposal so effective, the author uses good structure, tone, language, and rhetorical appeals. The use of suggestive language makes it hard for the reader to not agree with his arguments. Though the language is clear, it is at a cross with the tone. The tone though full of sarcasm and irony, changes throughout and also reduces human beings and compares them to livestock. An example of this is when Swift writes that â€Å"women as breeders,† and â€Å"children just drooped from its darn† (Swift 241).At first, the author was sympathetic toward the people, but then it becom es more sarcastic again. The use of ethos, logos, and pathos play a large role in making this writing so effective. The constant flow of disgust and humor, have an effect on the reader emotionally, creating pathos. The ethos and logos give the writing underlying meaning, while the logos create an unsympathetic feeling allowing the proposal to come off as one that is opposed. With the author creating different methods of cooking children, the ethos is weakened. A wholesome food whether stewed, roasted, baked or boiled† (Swift 240). With supporting evidence from friends, Swift provides details on better consumption ages, flavors, and experience. This proposal also has some techniques that make it ineffective in its writing. The author is portraying himself to be from a self-righteous moral stance. His stance on the sides is not easy to identify. The irony used is to criticize the society that enables all these problems and the poverty of others while at the same time it is degra ding the poor.His writing shows a lack of compassion for the human life, and by being one-sided and not considering opposing viewpoints, it loses some effectiveness. By discriminating, one would suggest it has an effect on it as well. The story does contain fallacies. One of these fallacies is appeal to authority. Jonathon Swift suggests a friend, who it seems is one of a higher status, who describes the different ages, value and ways that he and others have committed cannibalism. This fallacy is an argument that attempts to overawe an opponent into accepting a conclusion, appealing to ones feelings of modesty.Overall, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† by Jonathon Swift is a very well created satire. Not only does this piece of literature draw one into the progressions of tones and use of strong and witty language, but there are statistics and data to make this argument favorable. In the end of Swift’s writing, he tells us that he has nothing to gain economically, being that he has no children. With this act, one can see that the author is being more sincere than previously believed. The author uses effective and ineffective ways of using different literary tools and tricks that draw many people into is proposal and to see the ultimate reason for it. The rhetorical appeals, structure, tone, discrimination and many details make this writing so intriguing. This absurd request is a way in which to better attempt an economical change in Ireland and to reveal what others wish to not see in the country. His method to get there is one of great success. Work Cited: Swift, Jonathon. â€Å"A Modest Proposal. † Reading Literature and Writing Argument. Eds. Missy James and Alan P. Merickel. 4th ed. Boston: Longman/Pearson, 2011. 238-44. Print.

Is money a motivator Essay

Question 1 In the business environment people are constantly motivated to perform tasks to get to a desired outcome. When we look at the motivational theory of Maslow we can clearly establish that our needs depend on what we already have. His hierarchy show the most basic needs of individuals to the self-actualisation witch lies at the top being the best you can be. The most basic needs on the needs hierarchy had to be satisfied before the next level of needs emerge. Hertzberg theory lays out the difference between the motivational factors for example achievement and responsibility to the hygiene factors at the work place. The hygiene factors only play a role when they are not present in the working environment. If for example you have bad interpersonal relationships with your fellow employees or a bad salary, if the organisation provides these factors there will not be any dissatisfaction but they don’t contribute to an employee motivation. But what really motivates us to perform these tasks. We are not as endlessly manipulative and predictable as we think. In general when you reward something you will get more of the behaviour you want and when you punish something you will get less of the desired behaviour. Almost everyone when they were little would perform a simple task if their parents would give them a monetary reward, for example if you wash the car we will give you ten rand. In this case money acts as the motivator to complete the basic task. This is an example of the expectancy theory if you do the task you get the reward. This theory will always apply to basic mechanical task. When the task is more difficult or a rudimental cognitive skill is needed to complete a task money seems to fail as a motivator according to a study done at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). When creative thinking and high level of skill and knowledge is required to complete difficult tasks money will fail over and over again as a motivator. As a fact the higher the rewards or incentives lead to poor performance. This is actually quite the opposite of what we expected. Money is a motivator at work that is a fact  but it does not add value to the job. In conclusion, we strongly believe that money is indeed the biggest motivator  in the workplace. Based on the points and statements above, we can clearly see that money is indeed the important factor that motivates people at the workplace. Money is regarded as a very high reward for the individuals that have worked hard for it. It is also regarded as the highest form of reward for employees. The higher the pay grade, the higher the recognition they receive from their employers as well as from the working mates. Finally, we conclude that money is indeed the most important factor that motivates individuals at the work place. http://www.forbes.com/2010/04/06/money-motivation-pay-leadership-managing-employees.html http://writefix.com/?page_id=1799 http://www.custom-essays.org/samples/Is_money_an_effective_motivator_at_work.html http://www.ukessays.com/essays/commerce/money-is-the-biggest-motivator-commerce-essay.php http://www.exampleessays.com/viewpaper/15346.html http://www.studymode.com/essays/Money-Motivation-1574966.html

Critical Analysis of ‘Prelude’ by Katherine Mansfield Essay

Catherine Mansfield revolutionized the 20th Century English short story. In her works, she breaks away from the tradition of plots and endings. Her works are open-ended. She is the earlier writer who used the technique of stream-of-consciousness in her writings. Where, Plot is secondary to characters. Her prose gives a vivid and strong picture of ordinary lives. Her literary creations are masterpieces in the sense that they raise discomforting questions about identity, belonging and desire. She is a writer from New Zealand who retains the memories of her childhood spend in her country. ‘Prelude’ is a modern short story by New Zealander Mansfield. There are noteworthy autobiographical elements in ‘Prelude’. The theme and the characters are composed on the persons, she has known in her own life. The readers get a glimpse in to the minds of the characters. She uses extensive imagery from nature to hint at hidden layers of meaning of human life. As a literary work of art, ‘Prelude’ is a written narrative fiction, where there is a third-person narrator who is not in the story but an outsider observing from a distance. Character dominates over the plot. The story actually is a vivid picture of psychological state of mind of the characters. From the definition of narration by Ismail S Talib, we find that it is dualistic in nature. It consists of two elements: story and discourse. The story is the content and the discourse is the arrangement, emphasis or magnification of any of the elements of the content. In Katherine Mansfield’s ‘Prelude’, there is a story and the discourse is the journey from one consciousness to another. Finally emphasis is on analysing human mind. Regarding the end of narrative, in this regard, Chatman has said: ‘No end, in reality, is ever final in the way â€Å"The End† of a novel or film is’ (1978). There is another form of narrative where the end is not clear or explicit. It is ‘open end’ fiction. From the late nineteenth century onwards, this form has been extensively used by writers. According to the narrative theory, there is internal as well as external setting. External is the location where the action takes place and internal is the psychological state of the person. ‘Prelude’ deals with the psychological state of mind of Burrell family. According to this theory, there are different types of narrator. One of the types is third person-omniscient ‘who can move from place to place and backwards and forwards in time, and does not merely concentrate on the consciousness of one character’. In ‘Prelude’, it is the third person narrator who gilds from one consciousness to another in the course of the story. There is another concept in this theory; schema which ‘is a collection of the generic proper ¬ties of a meaningful category which is stored in a person’s memor ¬y for future retrieval’. In’ Prelude’, the author relies on her memories of life spend in her native country for her composition. The theory states that some characters are driving force behind some plots. Similarly, in ‘Prelude’, the plot will collapse without the characters in it. The characters bind the story together. The story is all about the expectations, inner turmoil, happiness and unhappiness of the adult characters. Modernism is a continuous project that incorporates within itself all serious change and progress. Modernism became a distinct cultural movement in the fist of twentieth century. The philosophic foundations of modernism are traced to the period between Marx Einstein. Darwin in his book â€Å"The Origin of Species† (1859) propounded the theory of evolution which is seen as an important step towards the development of modern mindset. The theory attacked the traditional beliefs regarding God. Next on the line was Freud’s theory of dreams. He considered dream as a â€Å"product of repressed desires† which created a stir in the realm of ideas. The concept of a definable unified normative self gave way to discontinuous, divided self. Self was then considered as the hidden designs of the unconscious. Psychoanalysis paved the path towards quest for self-knowledge. Short story evolved as an autonomous genre and became an important medium of expressing the petty and small truths and lies of human existence. The story developed from depicting the realism of life to more being allusive, ambivalent and self-reflexive. According to the book ‘Modernism’ by Peter Child, the meaning of the term ‘Modernism ‘is variously defined: as a genre, style, period or combination of all three. It stems from the term ‘modern’, taken from Latin word ‘modo’ which means anything ‘current’. The modernism in prose represents consciousness, perception, emotion, meaning and individuals’ relation to society in the form of internal monologue, stream-of-consciousness, irresolution and other techniques. In the phrase of Ezra Pound, ‘make it new’. By expressing the sensibilities of the time: of the city, of war, mass production and communication, New Women and aestheticism. It is expressed in compressed and complex form of literature. In literature, the focus shifts from broader moral concerns of society to deeper psychological problems of the individual, from external details of the events to their finer internal dynamics, and from a telescopic perspective of reality to a microscopic view of it. Another aspect of modern literature (form of art) as we find from the book ‘Modernism’ by Peter Child is that it is extremely compressed in the sense that it should be read with attention which is normally reserved for philosophy and poetry. Short story as a genre falls under written narrative fiction. Fictional narrative may refer to real people, actual places and events but it cannot be used as evidence of what happened in the real world. This story is a fictional narrative based on real life experience of the author. Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) is one of the few authors to attain prominence exclusively for short stories, and her works remain among the most widely read in world literature. .Her works are noted for their themes relating to women’s lives and social hierarchies as well as her sense of wit and characterizations. As a writer, she placed great emphasis to individual than to society. Her works are open-ended in the sense that it does not have a formalized ending to it. In her work ‘Prelude’, she applied the technique of ‘stream-of-consciousness’. She created her story on revealing the mental conflict of characters rather than the development of plot. The core idea raised by the story is that the narration delves in to the minds of the individuals. The tale does not have a conventional plot where the story unfolds through a sequence of events but focuses on a crisis or a mental conflict. We enter an individual consciousness to another. We get a glimpse of the mental state of the personas. In the course of the narration, very little ‘happens’ but the story gives us a vivid picture of personal crises that crucially affect each character’s internal well being while leaving the atmosphere of amiable, conventional family life intact. Kezia is a very imaginative child who find Parrot prints on the wallpaper as real parrots who ‘persisted in flying past Kezia with her lamp’. She also witnesses the killing of a chicken. Kezia’s unmarried and desperately timid Aunt Beryl is unsatisfied with her life and never shows her real self to others. Linda, Kezia’s mother pregnant with yet another child at times wishes to abandon the whole family and not even say goodbye. She visualizes her feelings for her husband in small packages, where she loves and respects her husband in one time to hate his later. His husband is a business tycoon who wants his roots in the country, which is the reason for their move from their town to their country home. He wishes for a son of his own. Modernism as Peter Child writes in his book is break away from convention. Katherine Mansfield’s brief life was also a lesson in casting off convention. Famously, Mansfield remarked ‘risk, risk everything’. She was rebellious in nature. She could not accept that all women have definite future of waiting for a husband as she wrote in one of her letter to her school friend when she was sixteen. In ‘Prelude’, Katherine explores the possibilities and discovery of the wide canvas of human life in the small domestic world of the Burrells. In the story, she questions the traditional believes of society, where a woman has the duty of getting married and bearing children for the family as Linda Murrell. Or the vacant side of a woman’s life where she stays at home and does the household chores. She has no profession of her own and no freedom of movement as in the case of the character of Aunt Beryl. Mansfield is a New Zealand writer. In her short life she has travelled to England and France but she had her roots firmly grounded in her native land. She uses her memories of childhood in her writing. He molds her characters on real people, places and even inscribes the colloquial speech of the country. ‘Prelude’ is a recount of one of the move her family made from their city home, from Tinakori Road in Wellington to Karori, five miles away to town. She reveals the insecurity and instability of her childhood connected with this repeated shift from one home to another. The portrayal of Linda Burrell is a depiction of her mother Annie Dyer, who has been described as ‘delicate and aloof’. Mrs. Linda Murrell is a character who keeps herself detached from the running of the household. It is her mother who runs the house. She has a neglecting attitude towards her daughters. She remains with her own dreams and expectations holed in her bedroom. She remains secluded from her family even when she is in midst of them: we find her on the easy chair rocking in the same room, where her husband and her sister are playing a game of crib. As she watches them, she thinks ‘how remote they look’. The character of Mr. Burrell is based on her father, Harold Beauchamp, who was a successful merchant. Mr. Murrell is a successful business man. He is a pompous man who prided himself of having a bargain regarding the new land which he now own. Rather than direct detail, her images stress on suggestion and implication. In Prelude she uses the images of plant aloe and birds to reveal the working of the mind of human beings.. The image of a rich young man under Linda’s window may imply that she wants to escape from her family and the rich household of her husband. The image of a child with bald head and bird may hint that she is overwhelmed with the burden of bearing one child after another. She likes the aloe so much because it has sharp thorns which restrict a person from coming near it. Also because it flowers every hundred years, Katherine Mansfield is the centre figure in the development of modern short story. She was born in New Zealand but spend much of her adult life in Europe. In the course of her adult life, she tried to extricate herself from the dominance of her family. She also removed herself from the expectation of society regarding women of her class. Her attitude towards life casts its shadow on her literary works. She writes without a conventional plot. Rather she concentrates on a particular point or crisis. She uses themes which are universal like isolation of man, the traditional role of men and women in society or the conflict between love and dissolution. The images in her works, elaborate farther the death of human psychology. References: Katherine Mansfield: Significance as a Writer [Internet], Katherine Mansfield Birthplace Society. Available from: < http://www. katherinemansfield. com/mansfield/signif. asp> [Accessed 31 August 2007] Akshaya Kumar. (2001) The icons of modernism with Euroamerican bias [Internet], available from: < http://www. tribuneindia. com/2001/20011216/spectrum/book1. htm> [Accessed 31 August 2007] Eric Eldred. â€Å"Prelude. † by Katherine Mansfield (1888-1923) [Internet], available from: [Accessed 31 August 2007] Peter Child. Modernism [Internet], available from: [Accessed 31 August 2007] Katherine Mansfield: Short Story Moderniser [Internet], available from: [Accessed 31 August 2007] Manfred Jahn. (2005) Narratology: A Guide to the Theory of Narrative [Internet], available from: [Accessed 31 August 2007] Ismail S Talib. Narrative Theory [Internet], available from: [Accessed 31 August 2007]

Otitis Media Protocol In 1-6 Year Old Patients Essay

Otitis Media Protocol In 1-6 Year Old Patients - Essay Example On the other hand in Europe, a watchful-waiting strategy, in which treatment is only reserved for patients whose condition does not improve without medication (Hoberman et al. 2011). In a study by(Hoberman et al. 2011), it was revealed that a group of children that received amoxicillin clavulanate 35%, which showed resolution of symptoms within 48 hours, and by day four it was 61% and by day seven it reached 80%. The waiting strategy is based on clinical trials that showed considerable improvement in children with acute otitis media (Hoberman et al. 2011). It is obvious that any protocol depends on the condition of the patient. There can be no one-size-fits-all solution/treatment. However, there are the general algorithms that can be followed. First and foremost is the identification of the problem. For instance, the ear infection is common in children but it can occur at any age. According to the website patient.co.uk, the most common treatment is painkillers for a simple ear infection. Otitis media is a very common problem that the general practitioners treat in children. Both type of otitis media; acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) mostly occur during the childhood and the cause may be the bacterial or viral infection (patient.co.uk). Most children have the self-limiting illness that does not manifest itself to an extent where they would go see a general practitioner (patient.co.uk). By two years of age, most children show at least one episode of AOM (Venekamp, 2013).

Critical Analysis of a Historical Science Assignment

Critical Analysis of a Historical Science - Assignment Example In DNA data is stored in codes consisting four chemical elements: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine(C) and thymine (T) (Watson, 2004). However, we realize that, in human beings, DNA consists of more than a billion elements, which are mostly similar in all humans. The order in which these elements appear determines the availability of elements to build and sustain a being. This can be likened to the order of letters that forms different words and sentences. The four DNA elements combine in a predetermined sequence, that is, A binds with T while C binds with G. This results in the arrangement of elements called base pairs. The ratio of adenine to thymine, and guanine to cytosine govern the pattern of DNA. Further, each element attaches itself to a sugar molecule and phosphate molecule to form a nucleotide. These nucleotides are then aligned in two strands to form a double helix, which is spiral in shape running in an anti-parallel manner. These arrangements are referred to as chromoso mes, which during the process of DNA replication, divide and are copied or replicated to develop more chromosomes. This results in all cells consisting enough chromosomes to support life fully. The key element of DNA is that it is capable of replicating itself to make millions of copies. A DNA strand in a double helix is the prototype for copying the series of bases. This is of paramount importance in cell division as the newly created cells need to obtain a similar DNA trait as the old cell. DNA together with macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are essential in the establishment and maintenance of any life form, RNA viruses being the exception. The genetic code is the system used in reading the material contained in DNA. The genetic code spells out plan of amino acids which form proteins in the body and is studied by replicating existing DNA strands to RNA acid. This is done through a process referred to as transcription. Beings such as animals, fungi and plan ts, also referred to as eukaryotic organisms gather their DNA in the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast of their cells. On the other hand, beings such as bacteria and other single celled organisms commonly referred to as prokaryotes collect their DNA in the cytoplasm. The organization and packing of DNA in cells is tasked upon alkaline based proteins referred to as chromatin. These proteins include histones. Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides help to stabilize DNA; however, we note that interfacing nucleobases in a process referred to as base-stacking is also essential in steadying the DNA helixes. There are two classes of nucleobases, these are: purines which are formed when A and G are combined in the ratio of five to six and pyrimidines formed when six C and T bases combine (Watson, 2004). Biotechnicians examine the characteristics if nuclear based acids through a technology referred to as nucleic acid analogues. These techniques are typically used by medical and biology resear chers. Furthermore, we note that the arrangement of DNA is referred to as sense which is copied to its RNA and, on the other hand, antisense is the term used to refer to the arrangement of DNA on the reverse side. However, it is common for both sense and antisense to appear in a single strand of DNA. RNA antisenses are churned out in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, these RNA antisenses are mandated with controlling gene expression in the process of RNA-RNA base pairing which is quite similar to the base pairing process in DNA